Como organizar una investigación científica….
Hoy he empezado a leer el libro “La investigación científica” de Mario Bunge. Ya en las primeras paginas me encuentro con frases y definiciones muy interesantes, y que quiero citar a continuación.
Algunas reflexiones para los investigadores
- Solo quiénes ven pueden darse cuenta de que falta algo.
- La investigación cientifica empienza en el lugar mismo en que la expereincia y el conocimiento ordinarios dejan de resolver problemas o hasta de plantearlos.
- El sentido común no puede ser juez autorizado de la ciencia.
- Los enucniados que se refieren a algo más que la experiencia inmediata son dudos y por eso vale la pena someterlos a contrastación y darles un fundamento.
- El esceptico tiene razón cuando duda de cualqueir cosa en particular y yerra cuando duda de todo en la misma medida.
- Un metodo es un procedimiento para tratar un conjunto de problemas.
- Si la investigación ha sido cuidadosa e imaginativa, la solución del problema inicial hará surgir un nuevo conjunto de otros problemas. De hecho las piezas de investigación más importantes, son las más capcaces de desencatenar nuevo pensamiento, y no precisamente las tendentes a llevar el pensamieto al reposo.
Como organizar una investigación científica:
1. Enunciar preguntas bien formuladas y verosímilmente fecundas
2. Arbitrar conjeturas, fundadas y contrastables con la experiencia, para contestar a las preguntas.
3. Derivar consecuencias lógicas de las conjeturas
4. Arbitrar técnicas para someter las conjeturas a contrastación.
5. Someter a su vez a contrastación esas técnicas para comprobar su relevancia y la fe que merecen.
6. Llevar a cabo la contrastación e interpretar sus resultados
7. Estimar la pretensión de verdad de las conjeturas y las técnicas.
8. Determinar los dominios en los cuales valen las conjeturas y las técnicas, y formular los neuvos problemas originados por la investigación.
Reglas a seguir:
1. Formular el problema con precisión, y al principio, especificamente.
2. proponer conjeturas bien precisas y fundadas de algún modo, y no suposiciones que no comprometan en concreto, ni tampoco ocurrencias sin fundamentos visible
3. Someter las hipótesis a contrastación dura, no laxa.
4. No declarar verdadera una hipótesis satisfactoriamente confirmada; considerarla en el mejor de los casos, como parcialmente verdadera.
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Creo que "La investigación científica" es un gran libro, me gusta la investigación y la discution en él.
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